sine wave

SINE WAVE
A sine wave, also known as a sinusoidal wave or simply a sine curve, is a mathematical function that describes a smooth repetitive oscillation. It is a type of wave that oscillates between a maximum and minimum value over a given period of time or space.

The graph of a sine wave is a smooth curve that resembles the shape of a wave. It is characterized by the following properties:
* Amplitude: The maximum displacement of the wave from its equilibrium position is called the amplitude.
* Frequency: The rate at which the wave oscillates is called the frequency. It is measured in Hertz (Hz), which represents the number of cycles per second.
* Period: The time it takes for the wave to complete one full cycle is called the period. It is measured in seconds.

The mathematical equation for a sine wave is:
y = A*sin(ωt + φ)
where y is the value of the function at a given point in time or space, A is the amplitude of the wave, ω is the angular frequency of the wave, t is the independent variable, and φ is the phase angle of the wave.

Sine waves are commonly used in signal processing, communication systems, and electronic circuits to represent periodic signals. They are also used to model a variety of natural phenomena, such as sound waves, electromagnetic waves, and oscillations in mechanical systems.